Gerador de Van de Graaff: fundamentos e aplicações no ensino de eletrostática

Abstract

This study analyzes the application of the Van de Graaff generator in electrostatics teaching, highlighting its importance as na experimental didactic tool. The objective of this research is to discuss the theoretical foundations of the generator and its practical applications in electrostatics education. To achieve this, a qualitative study was conducted, involving the application of questionnaires before and after na experimental activity using the Van de Graaff generator, carried out with high school students at the Instituto Federal do Piauí – Campus Angical. The collected data were analyzed to assess the impact of experimentation on the understanding of electrostatic concepts, demonstrating how its integration into experimental activities can motivate students and promote a more meaningful learning experience. Furthermore, the importance of aligning these pedagogical resources with the competencies and skills proposed in official documents, such as the Brazilian National Common Curricular Base (BNCC), is emphasized, aiming to contribute to the development of more interactive and dynamic teaching methodologies.