Desenvolvimento de um dispositivo didático de medição elétrica utilizando Arduino e o sensor INA219

Abstract

The teaching of electric circuits in didactic laboratories faces significant limitations due to the high cost and limited availability of adequate measuring instruments, which restricts experimental activities and hinders the consolidation of theoretical concepts. In this context, this work aims to develop a low-cost electrical measurement device intended for educational applications, capable of continuously and reliably measuring voltage, current, and electric power. This research is characterized as applied, with a quantitative approach, involving the development of an electronic instrumentation system integrated with a computational environment for data acquisition, storage, and graphical visualization. The device was built using an electronic prototyping platform and a high-precision measurement sensor, and was validated through experiments using resistive and semiconductor components. The results demonstrated good agreement between the measurements obtained by the prototype and those provided by commercial measuring instruments, with a relative error of 2.19% in the estimation of electrical resistance compared to the nominal value, maintaining satisfactory performance even under conditions of voltage variation and electrical noise. Therefore, the developed system proved satisfactory for the analysis of low-voltage electric circuits, contributing to the expansion of experimental practices in educational environments and to student training through the integration of electronics, programming, and data analysis.