Abordagem do ensino de Química orgânica por meio de uma sequência didática: polímeros sintéticos

Abstract

Polymers are macromolecules formed from an extensive chain of monomers; these compounds have application in almost all branches of scientific research, in agriculture, information technology, pharmacy and medicine. Due to its global importance and taking into account the students' difficulties in learning science subjects, this work aims to propose an appropriate didactic sequence for teaching synthetic polymers in the 3rd year of high school. This work has elements of action research, which suggests a change in social reality through a new behavior. The didactic sequence was developed from the survey of chemistry textbooks, complimentary bibliography composed of higher education books, and scientific dissemination texts. The importance of the study of polymers was made using the number of scientific publications in the last ten years. The didactic sequence was built based on the following guiding topics: Definition of polymers and monomers, addition and condensation reactions, main applications of polymers, and environmental impacts, which must be developed in nine classes that begin with the presentation of the proposal and evaluation of the student's prior knowledge and culminate in the assessment of the proposal together with the students. In this sense, the present didactic sequence made it possible to verify that the didactic materials lack contextualization regarding the teaching of synthetic polymers. In addition, it was noticed the absence of experimental practices accessible to students. In the future, we intend to apply the methodology in the classroom and verify the proposal's feasibility