Buracos negros: formação e primeira descrição teórica

Abstract

In this work besides exposing the theory of creation of the black holes a bibliographical revision on these exuberant astronomical objects is made, from its first theoretical description proposed by the English astronomer and physicist John Michell in the year of 1783, until the most current conception developed by the German physicist Karl Schwarzschild in the twentieth century based on the theory of General Relativity. The work also has as objectives, to rescue more accessible concepts that can help in the understanding of black hole and to understand the evolutionary process that led to the concretization of the current concept of these objects, the two approaches being succinctly presented, where one is formulated by Newtonian physics through the notion of geometry and escape velocity and the other supported by Schwarzschild's solution of the Einstein equations, known as the Schwarzschild solution