Estudo de otimização da produção e da qualidade do tijolo ecológico produzido na região de Teresina-PI

Abstract

The ecological brick is composed of water, soil and cement, easy manufacturing process, short term construction and low cost, is not subjected to burning, it goes through a hydraulic press. The production of ecological brick in Brazil is on the rise, but in the state of Piauí it is little known and produced. In view of the above, the objective of this work is to analyze the production process of the ecological brick proposing improvements from the applied raw materials to the formulation of a trace through experiments applying an optimization process that seeks quality, aiming at reducing the waste of the material employed increasing the quality of the final product, both to keep the ecological brick in the market and to make it a competitive product against other states. Initially, the raw materials used for the manufacture of bricks were characterized, performing the preliminary tests proposed by Taveira (1987) and CEPED (1999), physical, chemical and mineralogical. Then, soil-cement specimens were produced under a 50MPa compaction pressure, with 4 types of formulations composed of cement, clay and sands. The tests of water absorption, durability by immersion and drying, thermal performance and bending resistance of three points were performed. At the end of the study, it was possible to observe that for the production of quality ecological brick it is necessary to know the most appropriate type of soil through laboratory analyses, adjust the compaction pressure and always have the certification of the quality of the brick through standardized mechanical tests.