O uso de experimentos didáticos com materiais de baixo custo no ensino de física na modalidade EJA: uma pesquisa ação em uma escola no munícipio de Benedito Leite - MA

Abstract

Practical experiements have a great cognitive value in science teaching, especially in the teaching of physics, since it provides meaningful learning, relating theory and practice, improving the performance and comprehension of natural phenomena, and how these phenomena can be scientificaly explained. Although some legal documents guide the development of educational practices that correlate theory and practice, it is difficult to observe in many schools with the EJA (Youth and Adult Education) modality, the use of experimental activities in the teaching of Physics, whether in the laboratory or in classroom.The following article is an intervention proposal of a pedagogical practice that integrates a research and has the objective of promoting the integration between theory and practice in the teaching of physics, presenting suggestions of some practical activities, using low price and accessible materials, in a class of students in the last grade of EJA (Youth and Adult Education) of the Education Center Lucas Coelho, located in the municipality of Benedito Leite, in the state of Maranhão. In this aspect, the aim is also the implementation of a new experimental collection in the school with the corresponding educational scripts of each activity to be used by the teacher as an aid. The research had a quali-quantitative approach of exploratory nature, where it iniatially sought to define which experiments could be used in each class content. Consequently, there was the construction of experimental kits in collaboration with the teachers and students and the formulation of the respective scripts that will provide guidence to the execution of the practical activity. In the action research, it was evident that the integration between theory and practice related to physical concepts, stemming from daily situations in particular, using simple and low-cost devices fostered the students’ interest in the subject and that such activities can be meaningful in the learning process.