IOT e Cidades Inteligentes: avaliação dos impactos éticos da discriminação racial nos sistemas de reconhecimento facial na segurança pública

Abstract

Facial recognition is a technology increasingly adopted in smart cities, especially to enhance public security. However, its use raises serious ethical concerns, particularly regarding racial discrimination. Research shows that these systems are more likely to misidentify Black individuals and other minorities, leading to severe consequences such as wrongful arrests and the reinforcement of systemic racism. This study aims to explore these ethical challenges and propose ways to ensure fairer and more inclusive applications of this technology, based on literature published between 2014 and 2024 that examines the intersections of ethics, smart cities, and racial discrimination. The analyses reveal that the use of diverse datasets, continuous human oversight, and the implementation of specific regulations are essential strategies to mitigate algorithmic bias and promote greater equity. Therefore, collaboration between governments, companies, and civil society is crucial for the development of technologies that prioritize equality, social justice, and respect for human dignity