Análise fitoquímica da espécie Mimosa Caesalpiniifolia

Abstract

Mimosa caesalpiniifolia is popularly known as sabiá, a common plant in the caatinga biome. It is a perennial tree of small size, which in its adult phase loses its spines and, in the northeast region is used as mourões. Research on the biological activity of the plant mention that it acts in living beings as anti-inflammatory, hypotensive, antitumor and anthelmintic. The present work has the objective of analyzing the phytochemical composition of the ethanolic extracts of leaves and stem of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia. The tests with the ethanolic extracts of the plant allowed to identify 8 (eight) secondary compounds, among them, the leucoantocianidinas that compose the class of the flavonoids, has been demonstrated abundantly in the extracts of the sabiá. Flavonoids are known for their oxidative power and direct action against cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, it was found that the species under study has saponin heterosides in abundance, considering the foam column presented at the end of the test. The tests also presented negative results, to the example of alkaloids, a group of secondary compounds considered important due to its biological activity. However, in view of the results obtained and the literature study, the species Mimosa caesalpiniifolia has anti-inflammatory activity and high antioxidant power, making possible future research aimed at the production of drugs.