Iniciativas brasileiras para ingresso e permanência de mulheres na área de computação: um mapeamento sistemático da literatura

Abstract

Despite the growing advancement of initiatives aimed at gender equality in educational and professional circles, women still face obstacles to being accepted and recognized in areas where male activity predominates. This work aims to provide an updated overview of enabling projects that encourage the insertion and permanence of women in the area of information technology (IT) in the Brazilian scenario, as well as the difficulties and challenges in their implementations and projects. To this end, a systematic literature mapping (MSL) was carried out, analyzing and classifying 19 (nineteen) articles from a total of 642 (six hundred and forty-two) candidate studies. The results of this study reveal that the most common strategies to promote female insertion and retention focus on training actions, such as offering short courses, lectures and events involving the dissemination of information and qualification. It was observed that the quantitative ones focus on initiatives aimed at academic qualification at undergraduate level. It was also observed the presence of a minority directly focused on the job market. Studies indicate that projects that receive government support to promote the inclusion of women in technology have broader visibility and reach, resulting in their publication in the form of articles at relevant events. The results of this study also present evidence that the determining factors for women to drop out in the IT area are: (i) third party influence (IT); (ii) educational aspects (EA); (iii) market aspects (MA); (iv) sociocultural limitations (LS); and (v) emotional and psychological aspects (AEP). It is believed that the results of this mapping can complement the existing body of knowledge in the literature, adding information about Brazilian initiatives aimed at encouraging women to enter and remain in the computing field and serve as a basis for proposing new projects on this topic.