Práticas docentes inspiradas na Pedagogia da Alternância: reduzindo a evasão escolar nos cursos do eixo de Gestão da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica em Cocal-PI

Abstract

School dropout, abandonment of the course, and the need to work to survive are issues of great relevance to society and are completely interconnected. Due to the problems surrounding these themes, this research aims to identify successful practices arising from alternation pedagogy models that contribute to reducing school dropout rates in Professional Technological Education courses in the management area in the city of Cocal - PI. Regarding the methodology and type of research, a field survey was conducted with a qualitative-quantitative approach and descriptive analysis. Data collection was carried out by applying a questionnaire to frequent/dropout students and conducting semi-structured interviews with the pedagogical team and teachers, whose data were analyzed using Bardin's content analysis. The results indicate that 50% of the dropout students returned to school, 20% work, with a family income of up to one minimum wage, and the choice of course being mainly related to access to the job market. It was noted that among the students present, lack of time and difficulty in reconciling study with work were the main reasons for dropping out of the course. Meanwhile, among the students who dropped out, it was noted that the need for psychological support, school leveling programs and laboratories were the factors that most influenced their decision to drop out of the course. When we refer to the teachers, we noticed that the majority of the interviewees indicated the need for innovative teaching practices to combat school dropout. Among the graduating students, it was noted that 38.5% had an income between 1 and 2 minimum wages, with similar motivations for choosing the course, and 61.5% thought about dropping out of the course due to family problems and lack of time, indicating the need for improvements in teaching methodology and in the offer of scholarships/financial aid. Faced with this reality, the educational product chosen was a continuing education course for teachers from the local EPT, which had 21 participants and 05 graduates, with positive feedback being perceived for this activity.