Agricultura conectada: sistema de monitoramento de irrigação inteligente e acessível para pequenos produtores

Abstract

The transition to Agriculture 4.0, driven by technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), offers vast potential for optimizing agricultural production. However, the high cost and complexity of commercial solutions represent a significant barrier to adoption by family farms. This paper presents the development of “Connected Agriculture,” a low- cost, smart irrigation monitoring system designed to be accessible to small producers. The methodology consisted of developing a functional prototype composed of a field sensor node (ESP32-LoRa) for collecting agronomic data and a base station (Gateway ) for transmitting information via the LoRaWAN protocol. The central innovation of the project lies in its low-cost architecture, which integrates open-source software platforms (Firebase and Grafana) and, crucially, in the sustainable reuse of electronic hardware, such as decharacterized TV Box devices for data visualization. As a result, a fully functional prototype capable of collecting, transmitting, storing, and displaying data in real time was validated in a vegetable garden environment. It is concluded that the work proves the technical feasibility of an accessible IoT architecture and presents a replicable and sustainable model for the democratization of precision agriculture, offering a powerful tool for water management and the empowerment of family farmers.