Índices de vegetação e estimativa de fluxo de CO2 do parque nacional das nascentes do rio Parnaíba

Abstract

Emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere bring significant consequences for the environment and public health. Anthropogenic actions and industrial activities, which are the main sources of GHG emissions, have important consequences for the climate. Closed biomass contributes greatly to these emissions. The application of data obtained from the application of remote sensing is of great relevance for the monitoring of the vegetation cover, through vegetation indexes. The study was carried out in the Parnaíba River National Park, with a territorial area of 749,774.18 hectares. Its phytophysiognomy belongs to the Cerrado biome with different aspects. In order to perform the research, the following indexes were used: Pre-Image Processing (PPI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index - NDVI, Photosynthetic Vegetation Index - PRI, Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index - SAVI, Foliar Area Index - IAF and CO2FLUX. Regarding the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), it was verified that most of the PNNRP area is found with a dense vegetation, the values of SAVI found were close to the NDVI values, which may be related to the fact that area with a good vegetation cover, and it can be considered little influence of the soil characteristics under vegetation indexes. From the results found through the IAF of the PNNRP verified that in areas with higher values are the vegetation with the best development. Taking into account the values related to CO2Flux, IAF, NDVI and other indexes, the Park's capacity to use sunlight and photosynthesis was observed, as well as to house healthy vegetation, thus confirming the great potential of PNNRP in storing carbon. Therefore, it is concluded that the Parnaíba River National Park has a high carbon flow potential.