Extração e caracterização de óleos de descartes de filetagem de tambaqui (colossoma macropomum)

Abstract

The Tambaqui Colossoma macropomum is a species native to South America, the Amazon River Basin, belonging to the Characidae family, can measure 90 cm and weigh 30 kg, is the second largest fish of scales in Brazil. Tambaqui is the second most cultivated species in the Northeast with 24.5% of the total volume, being behind only tilapia that represents 63.03% of captive fish production in the region. From the nutritional point of view, the high biological value of the fish's proteins lies in the level of beef. The fish industry produces a significant amount of waste, in tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fillet reaches 67% of waste, are percentages that entails incalculable damages to the environment. The objective of this research was to evaluate the physico- chemical characteristics of Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) tailings oil obtained from free trade fairs in Nazária-PI, in order to exploit the potential of the raw material of industrial interest and determine the yield of the oils of Tambaqui archive discards; For a chemical evaluation of the oil of TAMBAQUI (Colossoma macropomum) were carried out as oleochemical indexes: Acidity Index, Free Fatty Acids (FFA), Peroxides Index (PI), Iodine Index (II). Crude oil yield (4.27%, - 28.72%, - 16.43%, - 11.20%), lot 1, 2.3 and 4 respectively. In all indexes, oleochemicals lot 1 was the only one that showed values above that allowed by the legislation for oil, with the exception of the Iodine Index of this same batch. The other lots were statistically the same in all indices analyzed. The residues showed lipid storage capacity, and can be used to aggregate values in several studies, allowing their use in various food areas and for human consumption.