Biosfera resguardada: uma análise do sistema nacional de preservação, legislação e Icmbio na Serra da Capivara.

Abstract

This research aims to critically evaluate the effectiveness of the National Preservation System in the context of the Serra da Capivara National Park, located in the southeast of the state of Piauí, covering approximately 130 thousand hectares distributed among the municipalities of São Raimundo Nonato, João Costa, Brejo do Piauí and Coronel José Dias. The study considers the impacts of current environmental legislation and the actions of ICMBio in the Serra da Capivara region and the Caatinga Biome, recognizing the relevance of this area as a UNESCO World Heritage Site due to its unique biodiversity and more than 1,200 archaeological sites. Adopting a qualitative and critical approach, based on a bibliographic review and documentary analysis of primary sources, such as laws and institutional reports, the research seeks to understand how the application of legal norms and institutional organization influence the conservation of local cultural and environmental heritage. The proposal includes the identification of structural weaknesses and the formulation of strategies to improve preservation practices, with an emphasis on participatory management, community engagement and sustainable tourism as essential tools for the effective protection of the area.