Metodologias ativas e práticas docentes no ensino de ciência da natureza para alunos com transtorno do espectro autista no ensino fundamental anos finais em escolas públicas do município de Valença do Piauí

Abstract

This research aimed primarily to investigate the use of Active Methodologies in teaching Natural Sciences to students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in the final years of primary education in municipal schools of Valença do Piauí-PI. Additionally, the research sought to contextualize active methodologies within inclusion practices for students with ASD; to investigate pedagogical practices using Active Methodologies for students with ASD; and to analyze regular teaching practices and teacher training in Natural Sciences for students with ASD in the final years of primary education. This qualitative study collected data through questionnaires given to Natural Sciences teachers in regular classrooms and the Multifunctional Resource Room, as well as through regular classroom observations. Data analysis, based on Content Analysis, showed that although teachers recognize the importance of Active Methodologies, many still face challenges in implementing them in the teaching of Natural Sciences to students with ASD. The research concludes that ongoing teacher training is essential for quality education and understanding of methodologies, to provide a more inclusive and adaptable learning environment suited to the individual needs of students. The study highlights the importance of diverse pedagogical strategies that consider each student's limitations and potentials, ensuring a more inclusive and equitable education.