O modelo padrão das partículas elementares: fundamentos científicos e elaboração de um livreto didático para o ensino médio

Abstract

this work presents a didactic approach to Elementary Particle Physics, with empha- sis on the Standard Model, aimed at high school students. The study is motivated by the need to broaden the inclusion of Modern and Contemporary Physics topics in basic education, bringing students closer to scientific knowledge about the fundamental constituents of matter and the interactions that govern nature. Methodologically, the research is characterized as qualitative, bibliographical, documentary, exploratory, and applied, based on textbooks, scientific articles, educational documents, and science communication materials. As an educational product, an illustrated catalog was devel- oped to introduce quarks, leptons, gauge bosons, the Higgs boson, antimatter, and some limitations of the Standard Model through accessible language. The material combines scientific rigor, historical context, and visual resources to facilitate the un- derstanding of concepts that are often considered abstract. It is concluded that the didactic transposition of Elementary Particle Physics can contribute to updating the physics curriculum, stimulate scientific curiosity, and provide students with a broader understanding of matter, the fundamental interactions, and the current challenges of modern physics.