Ensino de óptica geométrica com uso do simulador PHET: propostas de roteiros experimentais para o ensino médio

Abstract

This study discusses the teaching of geometric optics in high school through digital simulators, focusing on the PhET Interactive Simulations platform. The study aims to analyze the pedagogical potential of this tool in understanding optical concepts, as well as to propose experimental guides to assist the teaching-learning process. The adopted methodology consisted of a bibliographic research, conducted through searches on Google Scholar and the CAPES Periodicals Portal, using descriptors related to the use of simulators in optics teaching. A preliminary reading of the abstracts of the identified works was performed, followed by a selection based on relevance, timeliness, and alignment with the proposed theme. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively through a critical reading of the selected materials. As results, it is observed that the use of simulators, especially PhET, favors the observation of abstract phenomena, stimulates superior interactivity, and contributes to more meaningful learning. It is concluded that the incorporation of digital technologies in the teaching of geometric optics constitutes an efficient pedagogical approach, despite persistent difficulties related to infrastructure and teacher training.