Relações homem-fauna: percepções e atitudes de estudantes do ensino fundamental sobre os vertebrados silvestres

Abstract

The Caatinga, one of the richest biomes in the world, which faces threats such as deforestation and hunting. This degradation not only jeopardizes local biodiversity but also reflects the complex relationships between humans and wildlife. The research was conducted in urban and rural schools, using questionnaires with images of vertebrate species to evaluate bioecological perceptions and attitudes on scales of empathy and antipathy. Results showed that students' attitudes are significantly influenced by factors such as gender, locality, age, and income. Urban students were more likely to express both empathy and antipathy toward wildlife. Regarding gender, females more frequently exhibited aversion-related responses compared to males. A strong relationship was observed between positive perceptions and empathetic attitudes toward species, and vice-versa. It is concluded that attitudes are shaped by a set of emotional, cultural, and contextual factors that influence students’ interaction with wildlife. Educational strategies based on ethnozoology, combined with environmental education, are essential for dispelling prejudices, valuing fauna, and strengthening students' engagement in biodiversity conservation.