Google Earth Engine aplicado ao mapeamento da pluviosidade na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Poti - Piauí / Brasil

Abstract

This research aims to map the distribution of annual rainfall using satellite images (CHIRPS) over a 24-year historical series (2000 to 2023) in the Poti River basin, through Google Earth Engine (GEE), a powerful cloud computing tool developed by Alphabet for geospatial analysis and processing of large volumes of geographic data. To achieve this objective, an algorithm was developed in JavaScript and implemented in the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud computing environment, enabling the collection and processing, alongside Alphabet's servers, of 8,674 images with accumulated rainfall information for a historical series from 01/01/2000 to 12/31/2023. The main results include: the development of spatial distribution mapping of rainfall in the Poti River basin, which allowed for the interpretation and understanding of the relationship between total precipitation and the influence of climatic phenomena such as El Niño, La Niña, and the ITCZ; and the development of a structured algorithm in JavaScript implemented in the GEE development environment for analyzing precipitation data obtained from CHIRPS images. The use of cloud programming for rainfall analysis in the Poti River basin proved to be efficient, as it automated the analysis of a large amount of meteorological image data, eliminating the need for a robust local computing system to access, process, and manipulate the data.