Unidades de conservação e impactos ambientais : contribuições do direito ambiental contemporâneo a partir de uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

Anthropogenic alteration of the environment is the main cause of a series of environmental impacts. In this sense, although environmental legislation formalizes environmental protection, it is clear that in contemporary times many protected areas are being altered irregularly, causing great losses of biological diversity. Thus, the general objective of this work is to analyze the environmental impacts resulting from human action in Sustainable Development Reserves, Extractive Reserves and National Forests in light of current Environmental Law. In addition, the specific objectives are to show the various adverse consequences of these environmental impacts; analyze the applicability of environmental legislation in protected areas; and highlight the socio-environmental importance of these areas. This work is a descriptive literature review, so that the collection of articles occurred through a bibliographic survey in the CAPES Periodical Portal database. Therefore, the results show that some protected areas are directly affected by two or more negative environmental impacts. Furthermore, another study indicates that many traditional peoples feel prevented from living traditionally and perceive a greater commitment from management to environmental preservation to the detriment of their needs. The study also shows the positive impacts of well-implemented ecotourism and alternative tourism. Finally, it became clear that there are numerous impacts present in protected areas, despite the rigidity of contemporary Brazilian environmental legislation