Experimentos de baixo custo no ensino de óptica geométrica: uma revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

The use of experiments in physics has been around since ancient times, when theorists used them to prove physical phenomena, thus showing a closer approximation to natural phenomena of everyday life, such as gravity and movement. The study, based on this purpose, aims to investigate the effect of the use of low-cost experiments in the teaching-learning process in scientific productions in the approach to geometric optics content. In this sense, the research will problematize the use of experiments in the physics teaching-learning process in scientific publications between 2018 and 2023, through a bibliographic review using Bardin's content analysis (2016). The selected productions met the criterion of using low-cost materials in the experimentation in the teaching-learning of optics, reflection, refraction and image formation. The studies analyzed indicate that in the process these practices make learning more meaningful, promoting greater involvement and active participation of students. The results demonstrate that the use of low-cost experiments is a powerful strategy for teaching Physics, especially in public schools without laboratories. Thus, it is concluded that for the teaching of geometric optics, students with practical and concrete experience can reinforce theoretical concepts and develop investigative skills.