Diagnóstico da atividade leiteira na CHAPADA DO VALE DO RIO ITAIM: perfil dos produtores e parâmetros de qualidade do leite

Abstract

Dairy farming plays a strategic role in the socioeconomic development of semi-arid regions, contributing to income generation, food security, and the retention of producers in rural areas. The general objective of this research was to diagnose the local dairy activity, analyzing the socioeconomic profile of producers and the physicochemical quality of the milk produced. The methodology was based on field research with the application of structured questionnaires to producers linked to local associations in the municipalities of Acauã, Betânia, Queimada Nova, and Paulistana, Piauí, totaling 80 producers, in addition to the collection and analysis of raw milk samples to verify the alizarol test, hydrogen ion potential, and milk temperature. The data were tabulated in spreadsheets and analyzed using descriptive statistics, expressed in absolute and percentage values. From this, the results revealed that the activity is predominantly family-based, with a low level of technology and dependence on feed supplementation during dry periods. Regarding milk quality, it was observed that most physicochemical parameters meet the standards established by current legislation. It is concluded that, despite the region's productive potential, there is a need for greater investment in technical assistance and the adoption of good agricultural practices to optimize productivity and ensure food safety, strengthening the production chain in the semi-arid region of Piauí.