Desenvolvimento de tijolo-ecológico com incorporação de resíduos de borracha de pneu

Abstract

Brazil has a considerable housing deficit, that is, many families suffer from homelessness, much of it due to the high cost of acquiring real estate in big cities. To help reduce this problem, a possible solution involves the implementation of new technologies capable of increasing access to housing, such as the use of waste. This work aims to develop a soil-cement brick with the addition of rubber tire residue, in order to compare its technological characteristics with the bricks manufactured without addition of residue, besides giving an ecologically correct destination to the tire rubber residue. The first step was to characterize the soil used for the manufacture of the bricks, performing the granulometry tests, Attemberg boundaries, chemical analysis by x-ray flowering and x-ray diffraction. Then, soil-cement bricks were produced with 0%, 3%, 6% and 9% addition of residue. The tests of dimensional analysis, water absorption and resistance to simple compression were in accordance with NBR 8491/2012, NBR 8492/2012 and NBR 10833/2012. Thermal comfort tests were also performed. The results showed that the addition of residue does not statistically influence the strength of the bricks, but a slight decrease in resistance was observed with increasing concentration of the residue. Dimensional analysis revealed that the addition of rubber did not interfere with its stability. As for the water absorption, it was observed that the addition of residue decreased the porosity of the bricks. Regarding thermal comfort, it was possible to observe that the residue increased the efficiency of the bricks, keeping the temperature more pleasant and stable. At the end of the study it was possible to observe that the addition of rubber tire residue is a viable alternative for the production of soil-cement bricks.