Ensino de Física através de brinquedos populares: um estudo da mecânica clássica

Abstract

Education, and in particular, physics teaching, is almost entirely restricted to a traditionalist methodology, with the presentation of formalized content in books and texts, requiring the student to reproduce methods for solving activities. However, this method is not effective because it brings the perception that physics is restricted to calculations and formulas, which is not true. This erroneous view proves many problems evidenced in the understanding of physical concepts, whereas, it directly influences the development of the student in the course of his student life. In this context, the choice of the teaching methodology to be used must have as a fundamental characteristic, seek to remedy the difficulties faced by the students, as well as the challenges faced by the teachers themselves and, therefore, we highlight the importance that a methodology of teaching linked to playful education brings for the teaching of physics. For this reason, we selected some toys: autorama, yoiô, spinner, kite and top, and analyzed the physics that exists behind them in order to show that it is possible to teach physics through toys, noting that play is not only linked to children’s education, but also, can be used in all basic education and even higher education, demonstrating that playfulness pervades any form of education. We conclude the work by highlighting that some toys can help the teacher in a "classroom", according to some characteristics such as attractiveness, good cultural and aesthetic insertion, simplicity and low cost, importance to introduce challenging questions, besides phenomena and explainable events from physical models.