Análise de livros didáticos: um olhar sobre o conteúdo de função polinomial do segundo grau à luz da BNCC

Abstract

Textbooks from all subjects stand as extremely important instruments for the teaching and learning process in all Brazilian schools, considering that they subsidize the execution of normative acts and, consequently, the teaching practice. With regard to Mathematics, this aspect is no different. Therefore, conducting research aimed at analyzing this teaching resource is extremely important. Given this context, this article is the result of a qualitative research, with a documental procedure, which intended to analyze whether the mathematics’ textbooks, approved by the Brazilian Ministry of Education (MEC), are in accordance with the Common National Curriculum Base (BNCC), specifically analyzing the teaching of quadratic function content. For this purpose, two books were selected that are part of two National Book and Didactic Material Program (PNLD) 2021 collections for the area of Mathematics and its Technologies. This investigation considered aspects related to the introductory approach to the content, its definitions, contextualization of concepts, the return to previous subjects, its demonstrative processes and its strategies for approaching sub themes related to the subject under study. At the end of the analysis, it was found that both works are in compliance with the BNCC, since they develop the skills established by the normative document. It was also concluded that the book Multiverses Mathematics - Functions and its Applications stands out in relation to the book Connections Mathematics and its Technologies - Functions and Applications regarding the contextualization of concepts through practical everyday situations. Finally, the relevance of further studies on the analysis of textbooks is highlighted, with a view to verifying the quality of this material for the development of basic education.