Metodologias investigativas nas aulas de ciências nos anos finais do ensino fundamental: uma análise documental

Abstract

Science teaching aims to lead students to develop skills, to structure their knowledge and organize arguments, and the teacher must reflect their practice, seeking new ways of working their content in the classroom. And one of these methodologies is teaching by investigation, which allows the student to exercise reasoning and the development of cognitive skills, as well as strengthening the bonds of students, through group work, thus building their scientific thinking. Therefore, the research aims to analyze, in scientific articles, how this construction takes place in science classes in the final years of Middle School, based on teaching by investigation. From this research situation on teaching by investigation, we carried out a bibliographical research in two journals, mapping the productions that discuss teaching methodologies by investigation with students from sixth to ninth grade of Middle School. The works were analyzed and grouped according to the purpose of each one; we organized the articles into two groups, which were the collective construction of knowledge and the investigation based on experiments and observation of phenomena. The reflections brought during the work allowed us to understand how teaching by investigation occurs in science classes; finally, this is a field of study that still requires a lot of discussion and reflection, requiring continuous training of teachers so that they can effectively use this methodology to make their classes more interesting and motivating.