Análise físico-química do óleo obtido a partir dos descartes do tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) e do óleo encapsulado de peixe

Abstract

Tambaqui oil (Colossoma macropomum) can be obtained from the discards (viscera, heads, fins) of its fillets. However, the management of waste, in a large part of the artisanal fishing chain and small processing industries, continues to carry out the inadequate disposal of fishing waste, causing serious environmental problems. For oil extraction, the Tambaqui species was purchased in the public market in the city of Teresina-PI. The oil samples were analyzed in triplicates. The present work aimed at the physical-chemical characterization of the oil extracted from the discards of Tambaqui and the encapsulated fish oil, in order to evaluate its parameters of lipid degradation based on the Amercan Oil Chemists Society (AOCS) method, in crude oil and to compare it with the petrochemical characterization of the existing encapsulated fish oil (nutraceutical). The statistical evaluation was determined by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the comparison by the Tukey Test, with the significance established at p <0.05%. The programs used were Microsoft Excel and Minitab 17 Statistical Software. Tambaqui was acquired in the city of Teresina-PI, the samples preserved and refrigerated for immediate oil extraction by the CREXI method, for later analysis in triplicates. The physical-chemical analyzes performed were of the iodine index, peroxide index, acidity index. Only batch 4 showed the highest acidity index (3.53 mg NaOH / g), while the lowest acidity index was found in batches 3, while in the encapsulated oil the lesser degradation of these oils was observed. It was found that the encapsulated fish oil showed a higher concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids proven by the iodine index (280.33d g I2 / 100 g). The nutraceutical showed a higher degree of unsaturation, emphasizing the vulnerability of its double bonds fatty need further studies.