Sigweb para gestão de necrópoles públicas em Teresina-PI

Abstract

The intense and disorderly urbanization in Brazil has resulted in uneven growth of cities and population densification. Large urban areas, even when saturated, generally do not consider the final resting place for bodies. As a result, we observe the development of a crisis of overcrowding in public cemeteries in the present moment in Brazilian cities. One example of these urban centers, the focus of this study, is the capital of Piauí, Teresina. In recent years, the media has exposed the lack of burial plots in all municipal cemeteries due to the increasing demand, which has worsened since 2020 with the emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic. This research addresses social, cultural, and environmental characteristics of cemeteries in the urban context, with the aim of proposing the use of geoprocessing through a Geographic Information System (GIS) in a web environment, in order to introduce a modern and accurate methodology to assist in the management of municipal cemeteries and, in the future, access to information by the local population. For this purpose, we chose to conduct the project at the Mirante dos Morros cemetery, as it represents a clear reality of overcrowding and spatial disorganization, despite occupying a smaller territorial area. The methodology is divided into data collection and data manipulation. Cartographic data were obtained from a georeferenced orthophoto of the urban area of the capital, made available by the Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), as well as field measurements. Cemetery data were acquired through inspections of books, records, and files made available by the cemetery administration. Autocad 2022 and QGIS 3.16 software were used for data manipulation. Finally, the development of the SIGWEB (web-based GIS) relied on the use of free and open-source resources, specifically Apache Tomcat, PostGIS, GeoServer, and OpenLayers. As results, cartographic products and an information database were elaborated, illustrating the reality of public cemeteries in Teresina, along with the NecroMap - Mirante dos Morros application, which proved to be suitable in the context of its potential users, achieving the established points of interest.