Fabricação de tijolos ecológicos com plástico reciclável

Abstract

The packaging of almost all we consume and most of the materials we use are wrapped by plastics, from a simple water bottle to a computer, everything is made of some type of plastic, thus, generating a huge amount of waste after its use. The excessive use of plastic (polymer), certainly owing to the low production cost, has contributed to the proliferation of a serious environmental problem due to its disposal. The residue of this polymer which has already been used can be recycled, returning to the consumer. The ecological brick has been proving to be a viable alternative for our buildings, without burning trees and emitting carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, and it is an excellent waste receiver. This work seeks to evaluate the incorporation of PET - Poly (Ethylene Terephthalate), one of the polyethylene variations to meet the acceptance criteria by standard for a good mechanical resistance, water absorption, durability and thermal comfort of ecological bricks. The fiber addition contents applied in this research were 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% in a mass used in the ecological brick production. The adopted trait of 7/1 for proportion of soil in relation to cement. The specimens were made in standard size in a simple manual press. Technological tests of water absorption and 3-point flexural strength were carried out on the test specimens, following the ABNT standards 8491: 2012, for a curing period at ages of 7, 14 and 28 days for wetting the soil-cement brick . Characterization tests of the raw materials were also carried out, such as: granulometry, consistency limits, X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence. The results showed that the addition of PET plastic residue to the soil-cement brick positively influences the mechanical resistance, thus obtaining an appropriate material for the masonry constructive system without structural function.