Coleta seletiva como estímulo para o aumento da reciclagem e possível renda para catadores no município de Barreiras do Piauí

Abstract

Urban sustainability, one of the biggest challenges faced by Brazilian municipalities is the management of solid waste. Solid waste are all materials that result from human activities andthat can often be used both for recycling and reuse. These materials cause serious problems to the environment such as clogging of galleries that end up causing flooding, pollute the water, generate and dissipate diseases and are always associated with sanitary imbalance. More than the sanitary and public health dangers resulting from the accumulation of garbage, there is a concern with the preservation of the natural environment and with the reuse of resources. Thisforced municipal administrations to pay greater attention to the management of this waste, a process that involves control over its collection, transport, treatment and final destination. Themain objective is to show the importance of selective collection as a tool to reduce the volumeof garbage and generate socio-environmental and economic gains. Throughout the research, employees from sectors such as the secretariat, library, reprography and canteen, responsible for activities that discard a lot of paper and cardboard boxes, were interested in donating thesematerials for selective collection, causing an unforeseen public to be achieved by action. Servers from other sections were also interested in the survey, asking questions about the objectives and what would be done with the collected solid waste. The work was carried out based on qualitative questionnaires, being divided into three main groups for data collection: A)22 Students, B)15 Teachers and C)08 Administrative bodyof the school. In thissense, Eitereret al. (2010) explains that, in the field of education, research with a qualitative approach has been recurrent, as it enables deeper analysis, interpreting meanings and describing cultural processes. It was found that, in a medium to large school – such as the one where the research was carried out, a large amount of recyclable solid waste is produced, which had an impact onthe results of the research, which only predicted the collection of recyclables brought from theresidence of the student body. It is understood that the fate of a waste comprises different stagesfrom the extraction of raw materials from nature, production, marketing, consumption and disposal. The residue can be disposed of in open-air dumps, controlled landfills, sanitary landfills, be incinerated or transformed by composting into organic fertilizer.