A análise do conteúdo matemático teorema de pitágoras em três livros didáticos do 9°ano no ensino fundamental II

Abstract

The aim of this work was to analyze the mathematical content of Pythagoras' Theorem in three 9th grade mathematics textbooks in Elementary School II, which plays a crucial role in the development of reasoning and problem-solving skills among teachers.The methodology of this study consisted of a bibliographic and descriptive study, regarding the analysis of three mathematics textbooks of the Pythagorean Theorem of the 9th grade in Elementary School II, of the authors: Teláris Essencial (Luiz Roberto Dante; Fernando Viena, 2018) and Conquest of Mathematics (José Ruy Giovanni Junior, 2017) and Living Values (Judson Santos and Annelise Maymone, 2022). The determining points in the analysis of each book were: historical context on the Pythagorean Theorem, activities and demonstrations. The criteria for analyzing the textbooks were the same for all the books. The results show the analyzed textbooks with historical records guaranteeing the initial proof of the Pythagorean Theorem, which is used as an approach with areas, and the best known proofs of this theorem are the classical one, developed by Pythagoras, and one by similarity of triangles. Therefore, based on the understanding of the concepts associated with the Pythagorean Theorem, the historical context used and the situations activities contribute to the process of knowledge about teaching the Pythagorean Theorem.